FWSx@ CD ?, "J"JHt̂w03f%ӈcD/Xb2]#5d{xI>V5O=^zT+qn DF2v%'ȝn5lyF䯎 ߞ]g>oF7<Ò"p@5dL xWn]w IZI-pB`6Vp!),eԕ3Ųkt]4ہ o;W{~Bdl5fJNHI5 \c[! .A5eDiȤP U0"yk@\ѠFXf% =\O..m|]rP *q/q˛$xܷv5iZf35j[w)7V~Lr\LDh۔YEaifVlle3P5d>(;}$ʌw)|?qj5d*{yXV/{n-@5heTd [RgVylb`~rtmN.sͽim` ܩɼ(knա5akMer,B2%JHR n1/z` 4nٺ<7Ŷ6P5hwPܗf7Qb\eǍp% verdana 'AWaehilmrstz?qNN" ` c~|6? +8@$-8S)dG8@ D V @? _sans? _sans Ne-2

Alzheimer's is a degenerative disease that causes a loss of neurons (nerve cells) in the areas essential to memory and reasoning (hippocampus and parietal and temporal lobes)

? verdana _2

Source: Scientific American / elmundo.es

Graph: Alberto Cairo

 ok2

Carried out on 15|11|2002

 tyd3f%Ӄdc \ D (0 @p @j @ @ 3 Unj( URSW%{޻RyUQ=KL D  @ <D  ǀ ai@@ i@ i@H@ i@l i@@ i@$ i@@ i@܉ i@$@ i@ i@l@ i@H i@@ i@ i@@ i@ i@H@ i@l i@@ i@$ i@@ i@܉ i@$@ i@ i@l@ i@H i@@ i@ @ i@@ i@ i@D@ i@x i@@ i@4 i@@ i@ i@@ i@ i@T@ i@h i@@ i@$ i@@ i@܉ i@$@ i@ i@h@ i@T i@@ i@ i@@ i@̉ i@4@ i@ i@x@ i@D i@@ i@ ai@@ i@ i@D@ i@x i@@ i@4 i@@ i@ i@@ i@ i@T@ i@h i@@ i@$ i@@ i@܉ i@$@ i@ i@h@ i@T i@@ i@ i@@ i@̉ i@4@ i@ i@x@ i@D i@@ i@ @ i@D i@@ i@ i@@ i@̉ i@d@ i@ i@0@ i@T i@@ i@ i@@ i@܉ i@@ i@$ i@`@ i@h i@,@ i@ i@@ i@ i@@ i@4 i@@ i@x i@\@ i@ i@(@  i@@ D ډڈwC@ @Na`"`? arial _f`2(iprecarga.porcentaje

100%

 ^` |o2(

Loading information

 . phP%km[2phn$ +D @@?@ )D  &ibarra@ i@iprecarga3btotales_rootgetBytesTotalRY bcargados_rootgetBytesLoadedporcentajebtotalesMathflooriprecargaibarra_xscale R d RNN O i_m?`2(

%

^`@?@    ?V/barra1/barraporcentaje100 %uno_rootiNavegacioniEtiquetas_escenasgotoAndStop @ # NNR precarga 9wq lo2(

Start

 .`$x_N/ũI&Z} X@v7c'[t-S2!Wv? @1ߓ\#Z`\?mx( [$3\ P.s V @0 cD"c6o󆃘L2&f|Y 4P!HT|!GwLqz %{FWA-cbAE=?D?Є.9jnmYGdXbg"!!U=?>~I%4ܨV‚n7(IQe p4TT"ʜR8(,ܓOh;R䎱gJ,J`*nd:*g2lH (#&a,VG*/7 Ԧa j cj.~Lc\IŞ3tSQ(kh&H9UhLCBBOQ %c?V ,2Λ0Dc)e.)[RoX̬oQUh{#eGbجpL! FL*vyaT.  6%b VX {c++  =<(?@@@   @?FdosiNavegacioniEtiquetas_escenasN gotoAndStopR unomp^)R*G7] k vkRC0RxI>{Yv4^{Tp4Q 3i O%<)~kS> U nͲY5*~@kc};NbMkQ: ؽ'ELz i:>WϢ$|chd}AGU =q:ˮP܁BDGP D @ m b !=b9glAkj>U9 Υ0 L&3J:S&;טn`&I~ M>Y ,OK0V'sjI0Xa?i93 $x%ɐ %9s[36p$vSVFmz^2njM&@LLj7Ծɗ:G'5@ ^;AZe4IIHod~==IͰMMD 6'Sa)!8ZuznTLش?~[PVfÚ ]3-Z]k6ϕu҉6yq'[kE"b{879&B)WW5]kڥ"dv ϙvR5lUDPmĵJ#%Ln./S%`myTi6{d𯗬GlTW1:ozs;ZӰ bs| %;;iśde@5ѹTL* D۵3/'Dl*~f&c|f蚃KCpTzXR ct"̊hWg&]6bY3ְSk)M3K=S>ކ^u[=*bw(X%eaGZ :|ڄ#"vyJ˹bҘ0-~Du "@|Կю!{N,dmK3q+qi bm7חN ;Yk$ݿ2a9yKY&{Mf2x#_ˈ#VѫRM‡#߾>57cIV=nAmFڶ2z~ !_27YD*-(@YM32ڑPZᲠlŅm1|5:UsoC0.:}x߮[}2!IާfCI_uqZ n>aK| 64OV}n9u YdD2vkҝm;C6d=3m!KTSj 6r0N a $e3yydPnc­?4? /Ңo-K;-eP>  $B@.~X' `ib(J\-i6]S}NyYiR]ڽS8ߞN!9KvEza.^ُ`CB LH&TBӱtw\-0r [Ci-%&\tHW'Sr Ƽ Eu)ҁbZs]lu[ȫ`F+5Wt3}Lh: FRd7ֽ3 ҏ9DAg<ɝE[IQ7vkLi(D2^D'2< *@g[R{_̗A`kFޓєꓢ`gGVۛ ݤT@g`} 6WDO @~`廚}uk&kJ9902խֳjlQ^(mܧ{ieR&'Scy3d.qsUֽ__B&JWhhm>AU/SVQE avߌKT2XDpV2-2_xwMn'Km/ z*dyFʹPeE{[)sAq73z m;'7P7Ni͠idzX!zM< o׎kSwڝMpm2M4,LсO< 7#7jBp=R({}*&ԱJ^JГY:>B8:m1PeIVRkE>m&˴Jp/ݏ+-#JTWg|]`[@d-:TɝE[IQ7vkLi(D2^D'2< *@g[R{_̗AX١.C:L _+`eZVƓєꓢZ#ù[b |@~+wfY^oCIo/z Ϙf(?@OLoͼZ {Ҙ,ĔLmb|U0 #@|s:uVns֋E@44gsJe4L=\5~__YdQ&om-vg +R Ro l?Qڢ**JBҰ*,a`H2'ΆBCH8~-Ls1aDQ ǧ2 1pmW~;ҷEɿO&Ne POz`E:PrN<2'Ÿo[Aeg,ތPo3*rmbt n_]{ODsPSt:e9ːyd¦ Oy eqpE9+E\OQiLƚl?cJgF&8qN!YM"Q &wmФ^7ڑ2.P*diz{gS=u^ 7f#&BC3~+Kft ь%? Wq-2&RO,.ED%1,ӘE_`VQ259Uʒ{Lf` &@&oB#S:fD>z "D !@"`  "#l_g@$ x>ڐ #̃dB? $arial p%g#ȭ"$c(

Back

&D %C@ $'D ?&&H@:Kf@iatras#@?L iatras_xN ONH grande@?@?O iatras_xNGON-H pequeo@?@6',iboton_atras s(_{`"$c(

Forward

!)D (B<@@@@@ /*D ?&)H@:K@iavanzar#+@?Uiavanzar_xNGON H grande@?@?Niavanzar_xN ONH pequeo@?@6*THiboton_avance!+Lam<c%$UzBǾ`40;,V"'d%$UzBǾ`40_@<c%$UzBǾ`40_!-L!Ia<c%"'zBǾ`2o,.U}f( Wv"\5%#ŀ/+,-.7grandeiboton_avance gotoAndPlayR8pequeoiboton_avance gotoAndPlayRvariable.html_level0!/=l8p 0D @$0H1+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR&1 =YP2\d3l&o@32{c++4precarga_rootgotoAndStopunoiEtiquetas_escenas R R 3o42{c++,uno_root gotoAndPlayRiEtiquetas_escenasdos 4q52{c++-tres_root gotoAndPlayRiEtiquetas_escenastres 5u62{c++/cuatro_root gotoAndPlayRiEtiquetas_escenascuatro 6!7t;~a C~Jpޓ 8D 7@.9u@%n@xQW7H < kd\ @ w:g= `2(

Title page

 y;o2(

Description

 x<g1O `2(

How it acts

 u=g)/ `2(

Symptoms

 w>g= `20c(

Title page

 y?o20c(

Description

 x@g1O `20c(

How it acts

 uAg)/ `20c(

Symptoms

 wBg= `2(

Title page

 yCo2(

Description

 xDg1O `2(

How it acts

 uEg)/ `2(

Symptoms

&FD ? uno#jl>@? dosT ?'?@? tresހ@@? cuatroUA_@? cincoҊ㑯BC'?DE_@(Gtl03f%ӎz1%ӎ81 HD 3% N4.g Md5# L6m/+)d 8H  9 ::" ;uP"<` =LȨ"&FE diEtiquetas_escenasG@6)HǨiNavegacionItl:3f%ӊ c JĿ2

Source: Scientific American / elmundo.es | Graph: Alberto Cairo | e-mail

VK{c++9mailto:ginteractivos@el-mundo.es?subject=Alzheimer_self K /LD J@0Kl@ .MD ILP à%@@6@MǨiTtulo@ i@T@ i@@ i@@ i@T@ i@@ i@@? a1 KNo2

The disease arises from a malfunction in the processing of certain proteins: the neurons and the space between them are filled with fragments of toxic protein.

N@&!=kpO+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR &O =YP@`@`@`@`@`@r@r@r@pr@r@r@r@r@$r@@@?Pm| <\'] asG)]|q`ns+,W}!)]|q`nr \r']9_rw\'] ]G+WzS|dو0=Dg.YParietal lobe

 Q?Hi@ Rw 02c

Most affected areas (in red)

SD RZ@S`em tTgk?G 2(

Temporal lobe

T\i@ qUg5/ 2(

Hippocampus

UNi@?Vm"`sk&Ǜ` yq@&Q99EJ.YCerebellum

Xs@i@ yYg X2W(

Brain

Yk i@@ i@p i@p em i@p i@p i@p i@p i@p@ i@ i@ em@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T em@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@ i@ȉ i@ȉ em i@ȉ i@ȉ i@ȉ i@ȉ i@@ i@8 i@8 em# i@8 i@8 i@8 i@8 i@8@ i@ i@ em* i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@ i@ em1 i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@ i@ em9 i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@?GdosiNavegacioniEtiquetas_escenasN gotoAndStopR a2   h6     @#̓a.|Bi@@!& ̒.lBi@Z+,-.7grandeiboton_avance gotoAndPlayR8pequeoiboton_avance gotoAndPlayR!Z=kp*[+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR(&[ =YP*@ ̒FYBi@T@ ̑.HBi@@ ̑,.6Bi@@ ̐&Bi@T@ ̐B@  @!$&)@?GtresiNavegacioniEtiquetas_escenasN gotoAndStopR tres\mO% Mjo*!^1K`睈i46>WfNHA ' ىU6; U#Yfkm`[Skv'MژG([Z$J5 7RmD½,t3">wq{y~zhVNRQJ>%*^c; QT24:J:NSLc{9k Sd *FKTȉF@p8s XqvF%YE|)X vcШfEژ_ghTlh;Pd'{^i;Կz'NG6˦~ .@綡hW5{9&T|R_-ĵ}R֛qC@-Jo~1n ]D \@]jK=H1 y^g3 02c

Encephalin

_D ^B;H@_`h61 #jVlQH_p6',1iboton_atras6*TH1iboton_avanceZ=kp10H1[ =YP16HǨ1iNavegacion6MǨ1iTtulo@ i@4@ i@h@ i@@ i@@ i@@ ? b1 `wsP2(

The neurons are the main cells of the nervous system. The processes of the nervous system are based on the transmission of small electric impulses through the filaments known as dendrites and axons.

es.

`@a+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7a =YP8@bN@%8 @x/b,=,Rp  @Vf3=,R`@ŀf=,Rp@ū4՚=, Rp@՚=,R`@ b88@@@@8#E @ *9ր@hf.9@WĒ\j! @/ED,c@us]@(19Y @3lWU `@7CV @7&V @@@@cm,%NO_ܙyK-u436#M$>S{#]?S~O1,rCm'l~ VnW| %O>`=MRug/7kCLˬGd}ho|`%O^Q>/o/XkwM'˸p wK1RDd)F (K7'| %O>`qhd)I P~ԀGOS61.(JyP1RS;[r dA.Ӂ>%O~]0։,^Q%.NoDuWvL"1(\U~ j)W"^"aT:M ")/kQe}߮Ԁ} C%gVaq2l ξ#~enJ Y%[Vapֻt%>%EY~`s9,tԦͶ?E{y9%3Y~S;Ą%j]`~sPH!%(Oix7%^N\,([Rg%.RcP,#>q%OVQ͌E?Wf+g@%/XP0bO ۂ-ek]a&Nie fq%`i|T@%>[v\8fC!#jmnCt/%\RXq>]/S>% ^N[6ױdI| %bVb 2/YE >-vt!(vV-Ҁꓶ# =9ޡ&@%Źoڄ:藖Ʀ@tdBCI.z459/zFu"?&W*`IRFKjAH cτ%E{j7쨂)}BJ*nR%S PS[95:ʜ%JyHK%B@i54NuQ]6_%E{yLYTFv,KXgY{s%/|=㔇v]hvB6_f;d/Tֶ3%Q`yutN-| %m\LrUő;JCiPI KOj%wSbg[>M| %}9y!Vη^tm^MQfZJ$PA<0t@%ä-pd@%kÚOnKS5#eW%k|ujfrL UU֢T8(+{MֳF%Yُ}'DF%T..a>Y3tԇqoS'%lWj^H ,]%kSC>SG>IJHJ#- +j@%lHW1%me[i]mmZ>Ӌ.ee%mknZR!"- [rfE;G %$89 QB %*:G;`e`5K!'.db͐ӄhJ%nNLS})F@n %m|kTQL&j.]:)/rEQDAt>%k7e}{%Nꍖ m&jF~Rױ&Iu7-=%O wۮٯKi}hJt dG.$kZ]&@-J6"kH%drAB !%fuLe> 9J3QQ=,#'B $%NB뵭u"X@%OBY4 Po ҕXx-hi\YIY zu%lfK%._TҔp\bpޜg @%iDr%nJSx*r~ewNQnw%c-A;7ߵ%kWLƟu2:kIC]ahJ&>W|_%WHWѕUDe]c-r*F4\!ӭۖZuo%hPKk%x+]T')45[. >% ꨗD K.S9P#{6>%Cfe| %]4bl1Ru%`$` ];Tw]5 (=wkwCw{d%IIld%NTbTZoVve6x%id$6Rzj/?Z[| %k~o;%\30ܛsdC|IUL[n5%ӷR1QR,H{@%kv\! sWR, ; @%bnI֯Mr>%TR^\XZ_Yk#)MTc| %?id26Rv-j7?16^ӟ%o;_%0^\S0\w`C|IW$fۍj@%>QQR,H%۱kz\!rWR< : @%I]r-F݆TiWaA5xO5G>9z3;n::VN Eo5}|=tX:v:Ѯt OEtSWx)~%ŐRfZeJ@*3 $!'#k(f'\~S=P^E4\ vF(eTDx\O6?NFND2Sqjli`'eg0a?t6[#ߟ̷jf` Ѓ|M.jJvsg.waXDL*hkPjKt4):2ΤY Ho&+ah3&a͇"#'|z91O&;lL@ ɀ+O1&;TPc7ia;;SOlS @1qfcU0iaY:;ROlc @1qce0iay::RKlc 1ce ia@99QKlc 1ce iaٔ@Nf9:PGls 1cuibN&99PGls 1&cib9&89OC l 1&"cibY&88O? l @22&"cib&77N?$l @2r&&c|ib 77N;$l{ 2rf&c|ib@ ͦ77M;$lk0 2r&c|ic@ 67L7(lk0 2r*c|icY 65L3(lk@ 2.clicy M55K3,lk@ 2.c\ic Mf55K/,l[P @2.c\icْ M&45J/0lK` 2&.c\Ġic &45I+0lK` 33&2cLĠid9@ &43I'0lKp 33&6cLĐidY@ &33H'4lKp 3s&6c<Đid 32H#4l; 3sf:c<Ԁid ̦23G#8l+ 36c,idّ 23F8l+ @3:c,pie L21F8l+ 3>c,`ie9 L11Ec`iey@ Lf10Ec Pie &01C@m 44&Bc @ie &0/C@m @44&Fc 0if //CDm @4tfFb0ifY ..BHm 4tfJb ify@ ˦./A Hm 4Fb$ if@ ..@Hm" 4Nb$ifِ --@Lm" 4Nb$if Kf--@Lm2 4Nb4ig9_ZU?PZk`SNm=@ @A[Rb4igY_ZU@>e `RZA%YQig_VU=% aRZB%eYQig^XUj=娲 aRZ@B5ueYQig^VUj=ڪ媮 aVZ@C5uWUih^VUJ<ʥ aVZCEuUUih9]VUJ;ʥ( bZZՀDUUeUYihy]RUJ:ʥ( bZZՀEUUUYih]TU*@:e0 cZZEe5UYih]PU*:e0 c^ZFe6%S]ih\RU 9 %8 c^ZFu6%Q]ii9\RU 8 %@ cb[G%QaiiY\PT8*%@ db[HeQaiiy\NT7)岞@ df[6@H%Qeii[LT7{)崞H df[6@IOeii[NTɀ6{IP df[VI֥MeijZLTɀ5kIX ej[VJ֥Miij9ZLT@5[iX ej[VKMiijyZJT@4[ieX fn[vKĶKmijZHT4Kie` fn[wKķ%KmijYJT3K%h fr[Lԗ%ImijYHT2;%p fr[M%IqikYHTh2+%p gr[NweIqikYYDTh1+弎p gv[@NweGuikyXDTh1弎x gv[NwGuikXFTH0ȥ gz[׀OWEyOz9@0[Ȩ ץx @QEzTWxHDְnـO&;l\@ ـ+fNeuron

e2 h6#O^B7CV @ i@4 7&V fd&I@ i@h MD,0@ i@ 3 43 @ i@̎ 9`@ i@ 7CV ?@@ vfg: 02

Dendrites

fXi@ tgg: 02

Nucleus

gY `i@ ho2

Neuronal body (soma)

hYo i@ rio2

Axon

iY`i@rjm%~7%?m4pLۨ0Y6:#$ | % ϱ @jUhi@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@? b2     @ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@Tk+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR\k =YP]@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@@@ #jVlR_pi@@ jVlQ_pi@@ jVlQ_pi@T@ jVlQh_pi@@ jVlQ2_pi@@ jVlP_pi@T@ jVlP_p@  @@@Lb9v eo@LųV٫9󹀉 er0@LŘg9 et(@LŁ9h ev@Ln`09SH ey@L^v;93. e{@LR 9c e}@LI>9  i@@LC9@LB,9C@@@@dW9AS3L3 0|dW=@03L3 0|K# eNv0@ K eNvi@T@ K eNv@i@@ K eNvi@@ K eNvPi@T@ K eNvi@@ K eNv`i@@K@@@@ l]A%h5/k%lK3 i@@ %7# uP@ % kBP@ %r@a@ %EEr@ZV e2@ %mmr0L( @@ %r@B0@ %r@o7)@LB,93 %r@Z)`@@@@Glr@Z)`@%ſ=( @%E*F-@%ɫ0E1L@% I,@%<=@%oţ@%͢)M@%;SГ@%&WLdY@%@@%77F4@%P},@LB,9#%jHF T@%уGAա@%ѝWǣ{@%ѶHWS@%if|X+@ moa2c

Neuronal connections

nD m_@n8@h6_ov3w !9R aNP<]'P!y?=Ѱ>SxtoM{i6PDb{ʭN'_):E)^`( Ҭ/Z6P1m(&OA4. 0HS:,x-2QtD|npO!-!̨vy1 d]% ZpOSynapsis

rD qB<@rڪh6 usg+g `2

Neuron 1

st  vtg&w `2

Neuron 2

 t pugĨ 2

Synapsis

 uף vg2

Presynaptic vesicles

 wg3o2

Postsynaptic receptors

Gxdo,0=| pfr Xvr} ?|)]x2r ?)@qiEg),˯Yܻ9Nrsn /wso^-< vr强ie˳+W<[)]x2s$0Ym^-<7r9),o&Zx`ns+,d$82;g),ЦF`u˳Oxte})]|ygr9%Qe'w.SP"@3n$u˳+Hqth2;g)G ˸ܺds$<ಿ}s+W<iŧ] {)]x2s+,?)]|q`nr )=@#0Ldr +$Āg.YThe neurons communicate with each other by means of synapsis. When the electric impulse stimulates a neuron, it releases various chemical compounds (neurotransmitters) in the space between it and the adjacent cell (synapsis). On receiving the neurotransmitters, the receptor neuron reproduces the electric impulse, and so on.

H}@? b3@~+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR~ =YP@ i@@ i@@ i@@ i@@ i@@LB,9 i@@ i@@ i@@ @@_wczP:Fw9;]][dְ%D=g@ h<4@ h;N@ h9t@ h8N@ h6@ h5 D@ h6@ h8N@ h9t@ h;N@ h<4@ h>@ @֩)Xi@@igCc( i@@͐X3%c( i@T@ͷIec$ i@@޲9c( i@@LB,9J8ʉ i@T@QFHʄ @)C(X֩)X@=HG?`hX@P;x@d@G7@w4 @LB,9ы70D䧘@ў,䷘@Ѳ/G(X@2@X@$@@@LB,95DD8 ~\' Xńi@U=SؕPNeurotransmitters

Bs;ai@ay@j@Xv'g_| i~rŧ[Nrsn E)]x"݋t3)+KW+W0Dg.YImpulse

Es"i@FsXi@@ Bi@ Di@ Ei@ Fi@@LB,9 Bi@ Di@ Ei@ Fi@@ Bi@ Di@ Ei@ Fi@@? b4 B D E F@ i@T i@T i@T i@T Bi@T Di@T Ei@T Fi@T+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR =YP@ i@ i@ i@ i@ Bi@ Di@ Ei@ Fi@@LB,9 i@ i@ i@ i@ Bi@ Di@ Ei@ Fi@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T Bi@T Di@T Ei@T Fi@T@ i@ i@ i@ i@ Bi@ Di@ Ei@ Fi@@ i@ i@ i@ i@$$b Bi@ Di@ Ei@ Fi@@BDEFLB,9$J.ҫ!8[l@$ݠ.[!`8+m@$תݠ.!@8m @$"݀.C! 8[m@@$r݀.!8޻m`@LB,9s$݀. 8m@$`. 8m@$`.c 8m@$B`. 8m@LB,9c$@. 8Sn@$J@. `8n @$@.+ `8n @$@.C @8Kn@@$ .3 8Kn`@LB,9S$ . 8+n`@$: . 8n@$ .+ 8sn@$2 . 8n@LB,9C$r .8+n@$.8Kn@$.d8 ۰@$(@.8۰@LB,93$|@.8۸@$@.\8 ۸@$@.8P۸@$ @.8p۸@LB,9#$@.8x۸@@@LB,9@$$@@ $i@l .i@l 8i@l@ $i@܉ .i@܉ 8i@@LB,9 $i@H .i@H 8i@H@ $i@ .i@ 8i@@ $i@$ .i@$ 8i@$@ $i@ .i@ 8i@@LB,9 $i@ .i@ 8i@@$.8@F'D@G_ Gi ?Ue&ְ%/ְ/7j\ְְ/ǑzP ngr; 2

Impulse

i@P0< Cͱa؟ٟa| | $k+W0Lŏ ǐ9d@H68"H6=AALś9t@@Rn78(Rn7=Di LŨd9t @@\S84.\S=G Lŵ9t@f޳o84f޳o=J 0Ln79@q8ф:q=MLB9@{N84@{N=Q0L 9"@Ņ8FŅ=TILt9'@@ŏ8Lŏ=Wq0L9,@ŏ8Mŏ=Wq@L9,@@@Lٗ6eh,`LSɱ&ś` üYU&T<;Q(6`2ٴ&қKL` )t@&A.._$ @0L0 $C`BDp D @ &D ѩ0 @@>Q=pi@P@Q=i@PBQ=5i@PDQ==pi@PFQ=$.pi@PHQ9ni@PJQ9 i@PLQ9|Yi@PNQ9dsYi@PPQ9vi@PRQ9lui@PTQ93i@PVQ94i@PXQ94i@PZQ9#πi@P\Q9i@P^Q9$+i@P`Q9Si@PbQ9Si@PdQ9i@PfQ9@4P@i@PhQ9U@i@PjQ9bT@i@PlQ9jD@i@PnQ9Ėi@PpQ9oi@PrQ9Ei@PtQ9i@PvQ9@i@PxQ95 i@PzQ9Ui@P|Q9Yi@P~Q9E3.@i@PQ9Pi@PQ9Pi@PQ9U"@i@PQ9G2i@PQ9:i@PQ9/Հi@PQ9/i@PQ9܀i@PQ5ki@PQ5i@PQ5 i@PQ5i@PQ5 i@PQ5 di@PQ5kdi@PQ5Qi@PQ5ai@PQ5/i@PQ5i@PQ5Mi@PQ9i@PQ9ݣi@PQ9#+i@PQ9E@i@PQ=i@PQ9۳i@PQ9Ci@PQ9t;@i@PQ9;@i@PQ9Ԁi@PQ= p i@PQ= qi@PQ9#@i@PQ9si@PQ9tpi@PQ9$pi@PQ9$@i@PQ9di@PQ=&i@PQ=Ai@PQ9ۀi@PQ9>@i@PQ=/hi@PQ=80i@PQ=+pi@PQ=)Yi@PQ=)Y`i@PQ=1;i@PQ=1i@PQ=71`i@PQ=HH@i@PQ=C0i@PQ=9лi@PQ=3i@PQ=,Űi@PQ==p`i@P@ >i@ @i@ Bi@ Di@ Fi@ Hi@ Ji@ Li@ Ni@ Pi@ Ri@ Ti@ Vi@ Xi@ Zi@ \i@ ^i@ `i@ bi@ di@ fi@ hi@ ji@ li@ ni@ pi@ ri@ ti@ vi@ xi@ zi@ |i@ ~i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ >i@T @i@T Bi@T Di@T Fi@T Hi@T Ji@T Li@T Ni@T Pi@T Ri@T Ti@T Vi@T Xi@T Zi@T \i@T ^i@T `i@T bi@T di@T fi@T hi@T ji@T li@T ni@T pi@T ri@T ti@T vi@T xi@T zi@T |i@T ~i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@ >i@ @i@ Bi@ Di@ Fi@ Hi@ Ji@ Li@ Ni@ Pi@ Ri@ Ti@ Vi@ Xi@ Zi@ \i@ ^i@ `i@ bi@ di@ fi@ hi@ ji@ li@ ni@ pi@ ri@ ti@ vi@ xi@ zi@ |i@ ~i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ >i@ @i@ Bi@ Di@ Fi@ Hi@ Ji@ Li@ Ni@ Pi@ Ri@ Ti@ Vi@ Xi@ Zi@ \i@ ^i@ `i@ bi@ di@ fi@ hi@ ji@ li@ ni@ pi@ ri@ ti@ vi@ xi@ zi@ |i@ ~i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ >i@T @i@T Bi@T Di@T Fi@T Hi@T Ji@T Li@T Ni@T Pi@T Ri@T Ti@T Vi@T Xi@T Zi@T \i@T ^i@T `i@T bi@T di@T fi@T hi@T ji@T li@T ni@T pi@T ri@T ti@T vi@T xi@T zi@T |i@T ~i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@ > @ B D F H J L N P R T V X Z \ ^ ` b d f h j l n p r t v x z | ~                                                        @@Q=08i@XQ=+i@XQ=H@i@XQ9`@i@XQ9d@i@XQ=!1Pi@XQ9#i@XQ9 i@XQ9qi@XQ9i@XQ9#i@XQ9Si@XQ9wði@X Q9se@i@X Q9C@i@XQ9Bi@XQ9"i@XQ9i@XQ92i@XQ9RZi@XQ9@i@XQ9>@i@XQ9Q'@i@XQ9ji@X Q9Ai@X"Q9pai@X$Q9pai@X&Q9ai@X(Q9i@X*Q9@i@X,Q9Hi@X.Q9Hi@X0Q9qi@X2Q9R@i@X4Q9"6i@X6Q9i@X8Q9Ai@X:Q=p`i@X<Q=pi@X>Q= i@X@Q= Xi@XBQ=i@XDQ=`i@XFQ92i@XHQ9עi@XJQ9@i@XLQ9¶@i@XNQ9ˆi@XPQ9ri@XRQ9rXi@XTQ9“i@XVQ= `i@XXQ=`i@XZQ="i@X\Q=i@X^Q= i@X`Q=i@XbQ="i@XdQ=8߰i@XfQ=&pi@XhQ=i@XjQ=#p`i@XlQ= i@XnQ=#i i@XpQ9B@i@XrQ92di@XtQ9*@i@XvQ98#i@XxQ9#âi@XzQ92ei@X|Q9*3i@X~Q9*i@XQ9S@i@XQ9i@XQ9i@XQ9i@XQ9bi@XQ9ý@i@XQ9T @i@XQ9 4i@XQ9]i@XQ8@i@XQ9̀i@XQ8D̀i@XQ8ti@XQ8i@XQ8i@XQ8i@XQ5i@XQ5ʎfi@XQ5fi@X@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ "i@ $i@ &i@ (i@ *i@ ,i@ .i@ 0i@ 2i@ 4i@ 6i@ 8i@ :i@ <i@ >i@ @i@ Bi@ Di@ Fi@ Hi@ Ji@ Li@ Ni@ Pi@ Ri@ Ti@ Vi@ Xi@ Zi@ \i@ ^i@ `i@ bi@ di@ fi@ hi@ ji@ li@ ni@ pi@ ri@ ti@ vi@ xi@ zi@ |i@ ~i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T "i@T $i@T &i@T (i@T *i@T ,i@T .i@T 0i@T 2i@T 4i@T 6i@T 8i@T :i@T <i@T >i@T @i@T Bi@T Di@T Fi@T Hi@T Ji@T Li@T Ni@T Pi@T Ri@T Ti@T Vi@T Xi@T Zi@T \i@T ^i@T `i@T bi@T di@T fi@T hi@T ji@T li@T ni@T pi@T ri@T ti@T vi@T xi@T zi@T |i@T ~i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ "i@ $i@ &i@ (i@ *i@ ,i@ .i@ 0i@ 2i@ 4i@ 6i@ 8i@ :i@ <i@ >i@ @i@ Bi@ Di@ Fi@ Hi@ Ji@ Li@ Ni@ Pi@ Ri@ Ti@ Vi@ Xi@ Zi@ \i@ ^i@ `i@ bi@ di@ fi@ hi@ ji@ li@ ni@ pi@ ri@ ti@ vi@ xi@ zi@ |i@ ~i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ "i@ $i@ &i@ (i@ *i@ ,i@ .i@ 0i@ 2i@ 4i@ 6i@ 8i@ :i@ <i@ >i@ @i@ Bi@ Di@ Fi@ Hi@ Ji@ Li@ Ni@ Pi@ Ri@ Ti@ Vi@ Xi@ Zi@ \i@ ^i@ `i@ bi@ di@ fi@ hi@ ji@ li@ ni@ pi@ ri@ ti@ vi@ xi@ zi@ |i@ ~i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T "i@T $i@T &i@T (i@T *i@T ,i@T .i@T 0i@T 2i@T 4i@T 6i@T 8i@T :i@T <i@T >i@T @i@T Bi@T Di@T Fi@T Hi@T Ji@T Li@T Ni@T Pi@T Ri@T Ti@T Vi@T Xi@T Zi@T \i@T ^i@T `i@T bi@T di@T fi@T hi@T ji@T li@T ni@T pi@T ri@T ti@T vi@T xi@T zi@T |i@T ~i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@                          " $ & ( * , . 0 2 4 6 8 : < > @ B D F H J L N P R T V X Z \ ^ ` b d f h j l n p r t v x z | ~                   @@Q= Pi@`Q= i@`Q=pi@`Q9"i@`Q963ci@`Q9$i@`Q9$i@`Q98i@`Q9ˀi@`Q9i@`Q= pi@`Q9𱴀i@`Q=Ȗi@`Q=i@`Q9Er!i@`Q9Er@i@`Q9 ˆi@`Q5 "i@`Q9i@`Q9i@`Q9Ұ@i@`Q9|"i@`Q9Fi@`Q9bi@`Q9Ҭ@i@`Q9R@i@`Q9RSi@`Q9R@i@`Q9Ri@`Q9 @i@`Q9i@`Q9@i@`Q9u@i@`Q9؂i@`Q=F@pi@`Q=Bi@`Q==`i@`Q=Gi@`Q=Di@`Q=>Ⱦi@`Q=4@i@`Q=4i@`Q=:#i@`Q=63@i@`Q=1)%i@`Q=;4@i@`Q= $ i@`Q= 20i@`Q= 0i@`Q9䫀i@` Q=Pi@` Q97@i@`Q9Ui@`Q9Ti@`Q9l$i@`Q9uۀi@`Q9PtKi@`Q9Z4i@`Q9c3@i@`Q9n3@i@`Q96SԀi@` Q8dE@i@`"Q8i@`$Q94i@`&Q9 ti@`(Q8D@i@`*Q8-i@`,Q8U i@`.Q8ti@`0Q8.i@`2Q5oi@`4Q5|ci@`6Q5 i@`8Q5]i@`:Q5li@`<Q5ki@`>Q9i@`@Q9Ci@`BQ9}Ӧi@`DQ9}ti@`FQ9qi@`HQ9bi@`JQ9CIi@`LQ9s}@i@`NQ9bfi@`PQ9pi@`RQ9p.@i@`TQ9wbOi@`VQ9wbi@`XQ9qi@`ZQ9r4@i@`\Q9؀i@`^Q9Qji@``Q9Q@i@`bQ93i@`dQ9i@`fQ9yqi@`hQ9a@i@`jQ9t1xi@`lQ9i@`nQ9i@`pQ9i@`rQ9]@i@`tQ9!i@`vQ9@i@`xQ92@i@`zQ92Qi@`|Q=hi@`~Q9ci@`Q=i@`Q97i@`Q9m@i@`Q9i@`Q=pi@`Q=8i@`@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ "i@ $i@ &i@ (i@ *i@ ,i@ .i@ 0i@ 2i@ 4i@ 6i@ 8i@ :i@ <i@ >i@ @i@ Bi@ Di@ Fi@ Hi@ Ji@ Li@ Ni@ Pi@ Ri@ Ti@ Vi@ Xi@ Zi@ \i@ ^i@ `i@ bi@ di@ fi@ hi@ ji@ li@ ni@ pi@ ri@ ti@ vi@ xi@ zi@ |i@ ~i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T "i@T $i@T &i@T (i@T *i@T ,i@T .i@T 0i@T 2i@T 4i@T 6i@T 8i@T :i@T <i@T >i@T @i@T Bi@T Di@T Fi@T Hi@T Ji@T Li@T Ni@T Pi@T Ri@T Ti@T Vi@T Xi@T Zi@T \i@T ^i@T `i@T bi@T di@T fi@T hi@T ji@T li@T ni@T pi@T ri@T ti@T vi@T xi@T zi@T |i@T ~i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ "i@ $i@ &i@ (i@ *i@ ,i@ .i@ 0i@ 2i@ 4i@ 6i@ 8i@ :i@ <i@ >i@ @i@ Bi@ Di@ Fi@ Hi@ Ji@ Li@ Ni@ Pi@ Ri@ Ti@ Vi@ Xi@ Zi@ \i@ ^i@ `i@ bi@ di@ fi@ hi@ ji@ li@ ni@ pi@ ri@ ti@ vi@ xi@ zi@ |i@ ~i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ "i@ $i@ &i@ (i@ *i@ ,i@ .i@ 0i@ 2i@ 4i@ 6i@ 8i@ :i@ <i@ >i@ @i@ Bi@ Di@ Fi@ Hi@ Ji@ Li@ Ni@ Pi@ Ri@ Ti@ Vi@ Xi@ Zi@ \i@ ^i@ `i@ bi@ di@ fi@ hi@ ji@ li@ ni@ pi@ ri@ ti@ vi@ xi@ zi@ |i@ ~i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T "i@T $i@T &i@T (i@T *i@T ,i@T .i@T 0i@T 2i@T 4i@T 6i@T 8i@T :i@T <i@T >i@T @i@T Bi@T Di@T Fi@T Hi@T Ji@T Li@T Ni@T Pi@T Ri@T Ti@T Vi@T Xi@T Zi@T \i@T ^i@T `i@T bi@T di@T fi@T hi@T ji@T li@T ni@T pi@T ri@T ti@T vi@T xi@T zi@T |i@T ~i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@                                                               " $ & ( * , . 0 2 4 6 8 : < > @ B D F H J L N P R T V X Z \ ^ ` b d f h j l n p r t v x z | ~      @@Q= i@hQ=`@i@hQ=`i@hQ= i@hQ9|i@hQ9#i@hQ9w[i@hQ9\Ri@hQ9Aji@hQ9&#E@i@hQ9&#i@hQ8i@hQ8𤋀i@hQ9i@hQ=*Э@i@hQ9֑@i@hQ9l@i@hQ9qi@hQ=3i@hQ9Еi@hQ=YPi@hQ= 0i@hQ=(y i@h {o2

Beta-amiloid protein

|ʵi@-eN| P"@3o_,Yܻ1Ŧ\u˳# `# yM哋w.SXHyM;f X!_,Yܻ9Nb=@^v}.Yϴ@ 1t8 C 1t8 C L>O@ 1LT: C 1LT: C L=t @ 04<  04<  L=D @ 0L>  0L>  L<$@ /@  /@  L;@ /KB  /KB  L;N@ / C  / C  L:δ@ .KF  .KF  L:@? b6 ŏ8L. G B ŏ=Wq0. G B L9,9d ws2(

The brain tissue of the Alzheimer's patient shows a large accumulation of a protein called beta-amyloid in the spaces between neurons. The massive accumulation of the protein produces senile plaques, which block the normal development of nervous activity and kill the neurons.

@ŏ8Mŏ=Wq@L9,+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR =YP@@@@ŏ8Lŏ=Wq0L9,@>@BDFHJLNPRTVXZ\^`bdfhjlnprtvxz|~   "$&(*,.02468:<>@BDFHJLNPRTVXZ\^`bdfhjlnprtvxz|~   "$&(*,.02468:<>@BDFHJLNPRTVXZ\^`bdfhjlnprtvxz|~Ŷ 8ĉ@Ŷ =ca"PLDmp@8=n90L(J:m&p@h8}D@h=xe%?% kV3ޒz;S7 J;lN:gbˉA Zv{6*Z5CM>cMqMU\9:.gYc[E%]:_*,@0`Un53R+Ύ'^w0V6gѻIRVm̆-4 -Dwxi-.5蟽^7`ﶂւK]@צl'ézB9ե0IaKȎE;ip}-\)Xh0|֤d 6;޵&pܠTk3O͕a6NvU}=b-iZ, 2pvE1K"7>5TNbn_*cpPS:ȜkD[c.޻L,i-xOYZSty""&NJYvɝژŴk2դPR"c%,wSj S4ݫ)&6kVVkk6sXXjmnn[)9щyYNmy+\#!7f 7]#3dz D @۩i@@ i@@ i@8@ i@T@ i@p@ i@@ i@@ i@@ i@@ i@@aOlvXv'g_| k r9+S|d΂و0# yMnso_,Yܻ9Nr29S|d΂Avrz)]|`$@+S|ds,M˳# 't) Łg)G\& i@@ i@p@ i@@ i@T@ i@@ i@8@ i@@ i@@ i@@ @@Q9zc:@i@Q9Wi@Q9i@Q9sW@i@Q9hi@Q9D@i@Q9i@Q9T i@Q9 i@Q9vi@ Q9@i@ Q9$@i@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T@            @ Q9\Di@Q9tm@i@Q9Ci@Q9l#i@Q9w@i@Q9Ci@Q9C@i@Q9Di@Q9DCi@Q9tCi@!Q9|d5i@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ !i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T !i@T@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ !i@@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ i@ !i@@ i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T i@T !i@T@           !@?ON Yq@?OOh\PLɑdfndP#Q9Ri@%Q9_i@'Q9hr@i@)Q9|@i@+Q9_@i@-Q9֥ i@/Q9Li@1Q=i@3Q9i@5Q9bi@7Q9`i@9Q9i@G\ݹ$TeCٟaa؟| | sr׋O,]9_rab@3o^-< vr}st;so_,Yܻ9NrLĀg&]|ygr9SLϕ+S|d˳C3>WܮyMŧw.SU\_r7˯O,] f|\ Xvr׋O,]9_r׋O,]9_r2so^-< vr2so^-< vr2׋O,]9_rr7˯Xvr}w_e7˯Yܻ9Nrsw'e}.Zxgr9w\e7˯O,]9_b@3u=e})]|ygr9w@;Āg.<.YTau Tangles

>9Z@i@ sgr; 2

Microtubules

?G"i@@ ?O ]q0- DG  ?Oh\L- DG  LɑdfNn d@8N? #i@ %i@ 'i@ )i@ +i@ -i@ /i@ 1i@ 3i@ 5i@ 7i@ 9i@ <i@ >i@ ?i@@ , G/x , G/x L7 ?x #i@T %i@T 'i@T )i@T +i@T -i@T /i@T 1i@T 3i@T 5i@T 7i@T 9i@T <i@T >i@T ?i@T@ + G4 + G4 L5t?/4 #i@ %i@ 'i@ )i@ +i@ -i@ /i@ 1i@ 3i@ 5i@ 7i@ 9i@ <i@ >i@ ?i@@ * GAn * GAn L4$> #i@ %i@ 'i@ )i@ +i@ -i@ /i@ 1i@ 3i@ 5i@ 7i@ 9i@ <i@ >i@ ?i@@ ) DG ) DG L3L> #i@T %i@T 'i@T )i@T +i@T -i@T /i@T 1i@T 3i@T 5i@T 7i@T 9i@T <i@T >i@T ?i@T@ ?ON Yq@( Fh ?OOh\P( Fh LɑdfndP2 >Nh # % ' ) + - / 1 3 5 7 9 < > ?@? b7 wsh2(

The inside of the neuron is full of microtubules, which provide structural support and passages through which the nutrients pass. Alzheimer's patients show an abnormal accumulation of a protein called Tau, which binds to the microtubules, alters them and ends up destroying the cell.

@@@P#̃dBi@+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR =YP@ Pi@@ Pi@@ Pi@h@ Pi@4@L   !#%')+-/13579<@ P&f`E"r   D @Gt:C5?'[kgBfIީ=Fw _MF`MB J`Iv KP$LqZO_ƃKH9lgYRmT R` QpPKt{u)zMߩJ^%IY1M3_o2D E-#!$7 v'7ح5QW]=y ]Seۉo¾^@JQjR9MނϨ;ZӰ bs| 3| M=hE4f4C=,DZ*+9ͨ S $av̂ZS&@$Lef nϞ\\ MMYWkomxͺ[42n3mR&\$y.( {jPD ֍ԤSzM7N^@ E}GS6 o'37i4&CiM䇫(jiQ3b"#'~}n]AZ≚jNL)t̵kmuڛ>TsyׇcJ&|w)4YmTL b\y\ujЉ&,3>e-b'=yK@|0lmBR@[HdSF@ΐqtk&˧ Y&{Mf2x#_׿ݎ mlj\b9~{P+?7[JdsI%?@ȫ`F+5Wt3}Lh: 0*g \ ^|&(X;ъnAeĔfUSm& `;>[_S&@`r@Y2;.ɐ3 fFd{rU8R|R"sҕd'ƦAcMm6LG zθYz{g>;V\fEO}"ޛ |lLOSrCՔ5pܨahO?}>sWqD| Q5v'&fZmM*9ñ[mtOm,֊D*q o&rLR1_Brain with Alzheimer's

L vo͕C2(

Healthy brain

M0?;dRݴ$"5z̔dWEޑN>L,986N뇂 pi*ǭ-{VUoO!+07RpPFFAC(K)t|-  d>,+h.oP1\«m[|euO&dvC&~5mN6&TX&hZ'Vgkj5!~ 8be=~jXͥYk/ZH%hIYB!Pf%7hTv rHgͤvLZ3l͢g mfĵ̲佐B uX3^(i3j"i<72h5T  p6Pe5X\ӭn)I~_2]۳_iE ߁1X=W)Ƙ MQ@Aey 8@]DTr{LG bS=u^ c^Y5?kYW16R+U do}V'5y0"e(!'@`r@Yfy*fi>)Ue#UEdЈ3`,hjx2`F뺯MYPfZ.*t(ѝ+m]5^Naz2u ԂB?[TDvʴ ~д '[J@X#7,,B!`Bi_s3~`*0UUߥN)p|A@] D @ !D   @N`; P@ Pi@4@ Pi@h@ Pi@@ Pi@@?HtresiNavegacioniEtiquetas_escenasN gotoAndStopR b8 Pi@ ron2(

The brain of the Alzheimer's patient presents acute atrophy. Certain areas, such as the hippocampus and the cortex lose neurons and therefore, tissue: the normal wrinkles of the brain surface fade away.

Q@Q Pi@̿+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR =YP@ Pi@@ Pi@h@ Pi@4@ P@>?@EGILMNP?IcuatroiNavegacioniEtiquetas_escenasN gotoAndStopR cuatro"MA`P56 p D @h)3h)ëh)( h)p h) h)h)@h)؈h)h)h):h):h):h):h)<: hW[ 2

2

! uok2

Years

" hW[ 2

1

#ٓ hW[ 2

4

$ hW[ 2

3

%X hW[ 2

6

& hW[ 2

5

' hW[ 2

8

(` hW[ 2

7

)8 iW~{ 2

10

* hW[ 2

9

+ iW~{ 2

12

,1 iW*y 2

11

-l1 iW~{ 2

14

.1 iW~{ 2

13

/1 jV{ 2

15+

01 hW[ 2

0

1 wl 02c

Condition and time elapsed

D C^@>H`h6@#̃dB ws2

Many of the symptoms of Alzheimer's, such as accumulation of amiloid plaques, are common to the normal deterioration of brain with age, which means that diagnosis is complicated. It is a disease of prolonged development: more than 15 years can pass between it's first symptoms and the terminal phase. The deterioration is the opposite of the learning process: the first thing to be forgotten is the last thing that was learnt.

A6B',iboton_atras6F*THiboton_avanceJZ=kpM0HO =YP6RHǨiNavegacion6iMǨiTtulo6oMǨiTtulo@ @i@4@ @i@h@ @i@@l/`5O" A<'r DȂyO"A<' DHr_~K}/%ߒ_~K~9/%ܶ+17+l;rPTܯ_7+(7+,?|,8rP[mrP[MrP[,rPW<7+?|,GrP D @l@vp&f` @i@@'l@ @i@@@Hl@@bml@@vNl@@̀!c-`@̀#.l@̀$P/\?)drq@5/ CzDxk.<Ȁ@ v£@i@ pg 2

Symptoms

=C̀i@@̀$Q/X <i@ =i@@ <i@ =i@@ <i@ =i@@:ȫ@ "i@ qg 2

Diagnosis

;Ti@ < =@ :i@ ;i@@ :i@ ;i@@ :i@ ;i@@ og2

Loss of functional independence

8Mi@9ȃ@Gi@ : ;@ 8i@ 9i@@ 8i@ 9i@@ 8i@ 9i@@ }oϔ%2

Behavioural problems

6~i@7Ȫs@Oi@ 8 9@ 6i@ 7i@@ 6i@ 7i@@ 6i@ 7i@@4B i@ rg 2

Internment

5ai@ 6 7@ 4i@ 5i@@ 4i@ 5i@@ 4i@ 5i@@?)lw͏^x<52=i@ m_o`2

Death

39@i@ 4 5@ 2i@̉ 3i@@ 2i@ 3i@@ 2i@h 3i@h@ 2i@4 3i@4@? e1̀$P/\ 2 3@FJO@#̃dBi@+,-.6grandeiboton_atras gotoAndPlayR7pequeoiboton_atras gotoAndPlayRO =YP@ @i@@ @i@@ @i@h@ @i@4@ @@   !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>"v8B pmƌ|W2}"$DC>u%5fNyWӖf.E1rt@5hezw,nrݵ:EP\_;ILP+)ڠ*|Lf5.c| BΙ 5f㹏5gfa9&/BkIp /ވӒ6)$J^<2\{4( zKU̹a:ofSv镎&h>B5I݃o>'mمE..Orm5g/}O( 6L5 @3`ezRoF|e OLUݘ{p` -q^X(5H= 5h"d^-@TMQ1ps!5L|5$ Su +O2];` %|H e>H S5a .97~5`wo4اxMap=;ùx hا،xN 5g2Ӛ睲{; ;4JG8 0+JUbp κٹm#}AŠn[9iz+*ۀ5df^.qbh"\RLC(t$n]u󯧻帎)kj It/%LK]Obnԟ)3e( 7˳||sKZnc]pRJX 9Ns+/ O ~ 5DJ60&͂^f'za~)7/r\k 5/le>` .Ix[3/>L8?5,,ePv#b*#D7fka5"'fZ5,Lebgfka5hfܶlrIQf]Fmc40 @tf837D[hMmK6 ŕsU(L3pYg̻h5g"ܳr ^Rc<0(lxrڅ+X+GUcهSA\*ባvp^q 婀5ix$-5n-nKHʸ5EgSv'i߲9nn 5cV-#a5hWvU#nZGʡ5jBV+ ʯ\r/l.Էw&f\\@HABS(e _Db04`|]j5eyT6-z܇l$]}p5fNT@Jh*RBD|,TKHThM{( $JKݒړ)|;if E[n.1j ȀbCن%hNTi'fQ@Eտ6xv))+D0C5bvPin@%baIU:S3 "7R@&˲Bج{ @_+$W`͘4j` |kNX*T5djW7,ܰ=CmHta. Mxc6L e&3!J<oY slC: /g@*o;}5g‘Vf`e.8Sq`WLb70ƻ@A|-2, f1iUlT&)O[6Za5DEJ&ޛW2X@+*T/Dt2nRٱ i&y_^im&jDIH!4X&W,/V@5bQ&x\݊nbfa?VD% (ۨuʃSUvkZ7y 5X5g\9%IG&՛T jlT%*#.J,2bM$c6% ߚi2f˜*ـJL%T _UBb 's> bmc5bzPy%vYV&a"Cb\xe eSIx"ئ{ @5bzP7-Zal-llS5bvQ \oZm#iXy [ @!͙}`5)wuMHZ-YFîlHo5brV7-#Z5k*,[[6)k)@JM))%i@SMnP5bV)%Ipo"`Ob(lfʭ&3*cLF2xY`5bVS&:oPDJh* M^Olk,K}],Ā )7-Q5Cb$0 sf,wS:m< @4̦3fC92.+#$?Lw.Q͊At48R܀5bZQe;a&Rhd@B9Ɛ&@LG n$9d"Z`.8P=nZC [`bTvWΘ4V` lkNX*6L5bRTe?Mn@U©-I%%)lXs‹lSr݅5e^HKm@d.=3KRLH%!gN}QT?)cJneQ<4VZ5V|QzWgp߶i}lۂ]YB,v@5d"Q)Sy@& .2-gZCSK<^2K_gl_ll!nvenv5gPņ͔KRctl.̾,K05 O00(̢Q+)ŠJ=r>ۀ75gt'Yϛ^݅#}iڼ\5kr'EǗ8>{vx.."jf365bJZV`7\LdgbG}_ؓa]5gd97q a+.@ko^b56"|l0MrZ/Z0Arial (),-.CDEFILNSTabcdefghijklmnoprstuvwxyP @Bbr 4 ]KsF&C 5*/nYn&X3wjH+5Ϸd5+|oS6i`5+|oS6YpTJJEvL5gg5yp:`s@&L=ΘuKL=5jC! vmn"MCL9 d %gJ H/."dMaKdc3d};ona-mXuQp YBnT&D[5cJrF5=⃱MF%< 22y{R aH5HyLƟIy`ByR&nG@wYњ$bWe!89.76%bH kT,u`0Ltx0|iׅS^ZK˖g5c%J]ڤɀG3ʉ7"&T)-ru@MB?Hv)C U2y@<^QD&N0 ` p[[1,%Γ{Yx45huK7&H7"l܀ 'I&&=ؘaVA l', (Kc &O!&V %RUw&{n[5c6ʦ|rĤ()mRJ/ h~pƉjUs a@5dd5/и /m84`. KDbL +'(Z65*@FM<׀R`i 5kP a$@EX ^=S` .n޻)8{<彳~IwrPYSMh5e&lTqiz.@$ %P5+\46( `,[ w;5h'[Rj av[W@MxFf-UI{b@IIHTn&xe5YC#[ @5lr'Evs㹦d '\QAr>TH X  0@!00@i0@P0@00@X0@ D0@ 0@  0@ ?"0@ `$0@ ?̌&0@ @:r:O|X Ј 0@ 0@_0@@0@ 0@pX0@ 0@ 0@  0@ ?"0@ P$0@  &0@ @5r5Kx8Ј H 0@0@V0@00@0@`XO0@ 0@ 0@  0@ ،"0@ @$0@ &0@ d@1r1FsH  舍0@0@MЍ0@ 0@0@PX0@ @0@ g@0@  0@ G"0@ ?̌$0@ &0@ ?L@,xr,xAo( 8 0@<0@D0@y0@0@@-0@ 0@ C0@ l 0@ "0@ ?$0@ &0@ ?@'r'=pj8  x0@|0@;0@p0@0@0-݀0@ 0@ 0@  0@ %"0@ ?D$0@ &0@ ?@#hr#h8f ( 0@z0@20@f0@Ѝ0@ -`0@ j0@ 0@ Ҁ 0@ "0@ $0@ Ќ&0@ ?@r4`a|(  h0@xp0@)0@]0@0@-@0@ F@0@ @0@ @ 0@ "0@ /$0@ &0@ @XrX/؈]w  0@v,0@ 0@TЍ0@0@- 0@ "0@ 0@  0@ r"0@ $0@ ?&0@ @ЈrЈ+PXs  X0@s0@p0@K0@0@-0@p0@ 0@ e 0@ @"0@  $0@ ?h&0@ @HrH&ȈSn  Ѝ0@q0@`0@B0@y0@-0@`0@ i0@ A 0@ "0@ |$0@ ?$&0@ @ r "@Opj  H0@o`0@P0@90@p0@Ј-p0@P0@ E@0@ @ 0@ "0@ $0@ ?&0@ @8r8Je  0@m0@0@00@gp0@-^0@@0@ !0@  0@ "0@ Z$0@ &0@ @r0F`` p 80@j؍0@|̍0@'0@^`0@-L0@00@00@  0@ g@"0@ @$0@ &0@ @!kʈ!ʈA؈\p  0@h0@z0@p0@UP0@x-:`0@ 0@ 0@  0@ C"0@ $0@ &0@ ?`@!k~!~ =PW ` (0@fP0@xD0@`0@L@0@o-(@0@0@0@ @ 0@ "0@ $0@ &0@ ?@!k}!} 8ȈS` ؈ 0@d 0@v0@ P0@C00@f- 0@0@0@ h 0@ "0@ $0@ c&0@ ?@!k|d!|d4@N؈ |P 0@aȍ0@s0@@0@: 0@]p-0@0@0@ C 0@ @"0@ a@$0@ Ҍ&0@ @!k{B!{B/JP wȈ 0@_0@qx0@~0@10@T`,0@0@0@  0@ "0@ =$0@ A&0@ T@!kz !z   +0EȈ s@ 0@]@0@o40@|H0@(0@KP,0@Ѝ0@Ѝ0@Ѝ 0@ "0@ $0@ &0@ @!kx!x  ~^&A@ n 0@Z0@l0@z0@0@B@,͠0@0@0@ 0@ i"0@ $0@ &0@ 2@!kw܈!w܈  }<" < j0 0@X0@j0@w0@0@90,0@0@0@찍 0@ E@"0@ @$0@ &0@ @!kv!v  |80 e p0@Vt0@hh0@u|0@ Ѝ0@0 ,`0@0@0@㠍 0@ !"0@ $0@ @&0@ @!ku!u  z3 a  0@T00@f$0@s80@0@',@0@0@0@ڐ 0@0"0@ $0@ [&0@ @?!ktv!tv  yֈ/  \ `0@Q0@c0@p0@~0@, 0@w0@0@р 0@ "0@ c$0@ 6&0@ @6g(ipeli rD ?@?E/ipeli"JH&/ipeli" @?@6+orewind)MfMc(߂٭ETMIBދ_p]` D @"MSJְ5( \58_)hh/rewind/rewind-4 )hh? /ipeli"J"JH/ipeli/ipeli0SH g2c

Evolution of the disease (Reisberg Global Deterioration Scale)

D >@3P`h6 @i@T@ @i@@ @i@@ @i@T@ @i@@? e2 @i@@